Six Sigma in Electronics Manufacturing and the Formation of Consumer Quality Perception
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/dijms.v7i4.6650Keywords:
Six Sigma, Manufacturing Precision, Product Quality, Consumer Perception, DMAIC, Electronics, Competitive AdvantageAbstract
This literature review examines the implementation of Six Sigma in electronics manufacturing and its relationship with consumer perception of product quality. The study employs a qualitative literature review method, synthesizing theoretical perspectives from operations management and consumer behavior literature. The analysis reveals that Six Sigma implementation contributes to manufacturing precision through the DMAIC methodology, which systematically identifies sources of variation, analyzes root causes, designs targeted improvements, and sustains achievements over time. Manufacturing precision manifests in tangible product attributes such as joint tightness, material quality, interface responsiveness, and long-term durability. Consumers interpret these attributes as evidence of quality through complex perceptual processes influenced by initial expectations, direct experience, cross-brand comparisons, and social interactions within user communities. The theoretical contribution lies in providing an integrated conceptual framework connecting production-level quality improvement with market-level quality perception. Practically, this review suggests that companies should design communication strategies translating technical Six Sigma achievements into meaningful value for consumers, ensure cross-departmental collaboration between production and marketing, and develop employee training programs connecting shop-floor work with end-user perception. Successful integration of technical excellence and communication strategy enables companies to build consumer trust and loyalty, creating sustainable competitive advantage in the competitive electronics market.
References
Akanmu, D., & Nordin, N. (2022). Integration of IR 4.0 Into Six Sigma for Sustainability in Malaysia Manufacturing Industry. Jurnal Intelek, 17(1), 30–30. https://doi.org/10.24191/ji.v17i1.15849
Ali, R., & Darmawan, D. (2023). Big data management optimization for managerial decision making and business strategy. Journal of Social Science Studies, 3(2), 139–144.
Antony, J. (2014). Readiness factors for the Lean Six Sigma journey in higher education institutions. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 63(2), 257–264.
Arshed, N., & Danson, M. (2015). The literature review. Research methods for business and management: a guide to writing your dissertation, 31-49.
Auliyah, R., & Darmawan, D. (2025). Pengaruh Motivasi, Nilai yang Dirasakan, Hedonisme, dan Suasana Terhadap Niat Berkunjung Kembali Ke Pasar Tradisional Wonokromo Surabaya. Jurnal Manajemen dan Organisasi, 16(2), 130-145.
Bagherian, A., Gershon, M., & Kumar, S. (2023). Unraveling the key determinants of successful six sigma implementation: an empirical investigation. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2023.2275213
Cahyani, Y. B., & Darmawan, D. (2025). Pengaruh Persepsi Resiko Terhadap Minat Membeli Emas. Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Nusantara, 6(1), 37-56.
Cang, L., Chang, K., Zhu, K. J., Zhang, J., & Hu, Y. (2024). Research on inspection and quality control of electronic assembly process. 73–73. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3052857
Çeliktaş, A., Alımlı, D., Haymour, M., & Tunaboylu, B. (2024). Application of DMAIC Methodology in Semiconductor Manufacturing for Yield Improvement. 262–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53991-6_20
Choe, J. (2012). What are the Problems to Improve the Affective Quality using Six Sigma Process. Journal of The Ergonomics Society of Korea, 31(6), 793–800. https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2012.31.6.793
Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Darmawan, D. (2013). Prinsip Prinsip Perilaku Organisasi. Pena Semesta - PT. JePe Press Media Utama, Surabaya.
Darmawan, D. (2024). Distribution of six major factors enhancing organizational effectiveness. Journal of Distribution Science, 22(4), 47–58.
Eadey, E. Mohd. (2013). Effectiveness of six sigma implementation in hard disc manufacturing company.
Eddine, B. A. S., Darmawan, D., Mardikaningsih, R., & Sinambela, E. A. (2023). The effect of knowledge management and quality of work life on employee commitment. Journal of Human Sciences, 10(1), 87–100.
Fahriza, F., & Darmawan, D. (2025). The Effect of Waiting Time, Accessibility, Perception of Risk, Feeling Benefit on The Intention to Reuse Halodoc App. Jurnal Pamator: Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Trunojoyo, 18(1), 37-47.
Feng, Q. (2008). Six Sigma: Continuous Improvement Toward Excellence. 43–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-47321-5_3
Fieler, P. E., & Loverro, N. (1991). Defects tail off with six-sigma manufacturing. IEEE Circuits & Devices, 7(5), 18–20. https://doi.org/10.1109/101.86129
Forslund, K., Karlsson, M., & Söderberg, R. (2013). Impacts of Geometrical Manufacturing Quality on the Visual Product Experience. International Journal of Design, 7(1), 69–84.
Gani, A., Khayru, R. K., & Darmawan, D. (2021). Minimalism trends in consumption behavior: Social inequality and industrial dynamics. Journal of Social Science Studies, 1(1), 129–134.
George, M. L. (2003). Lean Six Sigma for Service. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Ghelani, H. (2023). Six Sigma and Continuous Improvement Strategies: A Comparative Analysis in Global Manufacturing Industries. International Journal of Scientific Research and Management. https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v11i08.ec05
Gupta, A., & Gupta, N. (2022). Research methodology. SBPD publications.
Hajduk, S., Venkateswaran, P. S., Paúl, M., & Divya, P. (2024). A Study on The Influence of Perceived Quality on Brand Trust and Loyalty Towards FMCG Products. 2(1), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.69888/ftstpl.2024.000229
Hariani, M., Mardikaningsih, R., Darmawan, D., & Irfan, M. (2021). Strategies for developing perceived support for employees in diverse work environments. Journal of Social Science Studies, 1(2), 81–88.
Hariani, M., Mardikaningsih, R., Darmawan, D., Nuraini, R., & Halizah, S. N. (2025, October). Transformational Leadership, Student Participation, and Campus Digital Communication: A Systematic Review of Green Management Implementation in Higher Education. In Proceeding of International Management Conference and Progressive Papers (Vol. 3, No. 1).
Harry, M., & Schroeder, R. (2000). Six Sigma: The Breakthrough Management Strategy Revolutionizing the World's Top Corporations. New York: Doubleday.
Hidayat, R. T., & Darmawan, D. (2025). Pengaruh Persepsi Risiko Terhadap Keputusan Pengguna Pinjaman Online. Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Nusantara, 6(1), 114-133.
Hoe, L. C., & Mansori, S. (2018). The Effects of Product Quality on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty: Evidence from Malaysian Engineering Industry. 3(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.5296/IJIM.V3I1.13959
Infante, A., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2022). The Potential of Social Media as a Means of Online Business Promotion. Journal of Social Science Studies, 2(2), 45-49.
Irfan, M., & Darmawan, D. (2021). Improving psychological wellbeing through emotion management in daily life. Journal of Social Science Studies, 1(1), 179–184.
Ivanov, V., Evtuhov, A., Dehtiarov, I., & Trojanowska, J. (2024). Product Quality. Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering, 61–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-74360-3_4
Kern, G. A. (2017). Engineering the Intangible: Strategic Success Factors in the Luxury Watch Industry. 153–180. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48938-4_11
Kim, H.-J., Jee, S. J., & Sohn, S. Y. (2021). Cost–benefit model for multi-generational high-technology products to compare sequential innovation strategy with quality strategy. PLOS ONE, 16(4), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0249124
Kumar, S. P., Kumar, S., Shiriraam, S., & Kumar, J. (2023). Enhancing Efficiency in Microcircuit Manufacturing Using Six Sigma. 189–200. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1288-9_20
Lee, K. C., & Choi, B. (2006). Six sigma management activities and their influence on corporate competitiveness. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 17(7), 893–911. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783360600595351
Makwena, T. N. (2024). How Taste and Ambience Shape Consumer Perceptions — Sensory Marketing in Fine Dining. Frontiers in Management Science, 3(6), 42–45. https://doi.org/10.56397/fms.2024.12.07
Mardikaningsih, R., & Darmawan, D. (2021). Business sustainability strategies in the facing of regulatory uncertainty and managerial challenges. Journal of Social Science Studies, 1(2), 111–118.
Mardikaningsih, R., & Darmawan, D. (2022). Design and implementation of communication strategy in change management. Journal of Social Science Studies, 2(2), 237–242.
Mardikaningsih, R., & Wardoyo, D. T. W. (2024). The Role of Technology in Human Resource Development for Sustainability: A Literature Review on Digital Innovation. Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society, 3(3), 20-26.
Margareta, A., & Darmawan, D. (2025). Pengaruh Keragaman Produk Terhadap Keputusan Membeli dalam Pasar. Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Nusantara, 6(1), 134-152.
Mohanty, R. (2017). Reliability; what’s right for your business? 2017(1), 000624–000630. https://doi.org/10.4071/ISOM-2017-THA53_164
Montgomery, D. C. (2019). Introduction to Statistical Quality Control (8th ed.). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
Moradinaftchali, V., Song, L., & Wang, X. (2016). Improvement in quality and productivity of an assembled product. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 94, 74–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CIE.2016.02.003
Mustafaev, M. G., Mustafaeva, D. G., & Mustafaev, G. A. (2021). System of efficient functioning and organization of the production process of electronic equipment products. 2410(1), 020013. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0069035
Musyafak, M., & Darmawan, D. (2025, October). Realizing Just Sustainability through Public Policies Responsive to Social Inequalities. In Proceeding of International Management Conference and Progressive Papers (Vol. 3, No. 1).
Nahar, M. Z., Al Maghrobi, A., & Darmawan, D. (2025). Pengaruh Promosi dan Citra Merek Terhadap Minat Beli Ulang Produk Kahf. Jurnal Strategi Bisnis dan Keuangan, 6(3), 57-77.
Nurprihatin, F., Young, M. N., Liman, S. D., Redi, A. A. N. P., & Prasetyo, Y. T. (2022). Integration of Net Promoter Score and DMAIC Approach to Measure Customer Satisfaction in Packaging Industry. 220–225. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCMSO58359.2022.00052
Obiako, E. C. (2025). Six Sigma and Continuous Improvement Strategies: A Comparative Analysis in Global Manufacturing Industries. International Journal of Scientific Research and Management, 11(08), 2858–2876. https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v11i08.el03
Olu-lawal, K. A., Olajiga, O. K., Ani, E. C., Adeleke, A. K., & Montero, D. J. P. (2024). The role of precision metrology in enhancing manufacturing quality: a comprehensive review. https://doi.org/10.51594/estj.v5i3.868
Pangestu, P., & Fahma, F. (2019). Implementasi Six Sigma dalam Peningkatan Kualitas Proses Produksi LED TV di PT Sharp Electronics Indonesia. 17(2). https://doi.org/10.20961/PERFORMA.17.2.30178
Park, S., & Kim, H. (2023). Investigating the Effect of a Brand Factor in Product Design Based on a Data-Driven Approach Using Online Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2023-114966
Peng, F. (2024). Applying six sigma to improve the defect rate of electronic components: a six sigma case study. South African Journal of Industrial Engineering, 35(1). https://doi.org/10.7166/35-1-2899
Prakash, R. (2016). Six Sigma Implementation in Small and Medium Scale Electronic Industries: A Case Study. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 5(11).
Purwojatmiko, B. H., & Ambarwati, L. (2023). Implementation of DMAIC for Production Quality Control: Case Study of Power Supply Production in Indonesia. Jurnal Teknika. https://doi.org/10.37031/jt.v21i2.342
Putri, A. P. S., & Darmawan, D. (2025). A Literature Study: The Influence of Lifestyle on Fashion Purchasing Decisions. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis dan Terapan, 3(1), 85-96.
Pyzdek, T., & Keller, P. (2018). The Six Sigma Handbook (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Rahayu, P. D., & Darmawan, D. (2025). Pengaruh Harga, Kemudahan Pembayaran, Waktu Tunggu, Kualitas Pelayanan, dan Keamanan Terhadap Niat untuk Menggunakan Kembali Suroboyo Bus. YUME: Journal of Management, 8(2), 1090-1106.
Razali, N. M., Kadri, S. M. M., & Ee, T. C. (2018). Six sigma approach to improve stripping quality of automotive electronics component - A case study. 319(1), 012026. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/319/1/012026
Ridwan, A. N., Sonda, A., & Amelia, A. (2023). Product quality control analysis using the six sigma method. Journal Industrial Servicess, 9(1), 53–53. https://doi.org/10.36055/jiss.v9i1.19044
Riski, M., & Darmawan, D. (2025). Pengaruh Ulasan Pelanggan Online Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian di Shopeefood. Pusat Publikasi Ilmu Manajemen, 3(1), 40-55.
Safirah, A. N., Rohmi, N. S. B., & Darmawan, D. (2025). Pengaruh Kualitas Produk dan Citra Merek Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Produk Fashion. Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Naratif, 6(2), 120-140.
Saimsakul, W., & Chomsuwan, K. (2022). Formation of Skill standards for Printed Circuit Board Assembly Inspection by Define-Measure-Analyze- Improve-Control method. 1291–1295. https://doi.org/10.1109/EDUCON52537.2022.9766647
Sinclair, R. N., & Lane Keller, K. (2014). A case for brands as assets: Acquired and internally developed. Journal of Brand Management, 21(4), 286-302.
Suwanda, S. (2024). The role of the six sigma method in controlling and improving product quality. Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia, 3(01), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.58471/esaprom.v3i01.3858
Teuku, T. R. K. (2022). The Influence of Samsung Smartphone Quality on Consumer Purchase Decisions. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Management, 1(1), 32–42. https://doi.org/10.54099/ijebm.v1i1.121
Thevnin, C. (2004). Effective management commitment enhances six sigma success. Handbook of Business Strategy, 5(1), 195–200. https://doi.org/10.1108/10775730410494198
Tonoy, A. A. R. (2025). Optimizing Lean Six Sigma Methodologies for Electrical Equipment Manufacturing. https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.175459443.39044829/v1
Umaras, E., Barari, A., Horikawa, O., & Tsuzuki, M. de S. G. (2023). Dimensional Tolerances in Mechanical Assemblies: A Cost-Based Optimization Approach. Applied Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13169202
Walliman, N. (2021). Research methods: The basics. Routledge.
Wang, C.-C., Chang, H.-T., & Cheng, K.-Y. (2020). Application of Six Sigma to Improve Smartphone Lens Holder Quality - An Empirical Study. https://doi.org/10.12792/ICIAE2020.008
Wang, L. W., & Le, Q. L. (2015). Six-Sigma and Taguchi Approaches to the Printed Circuit Board Quality Improvement. Research in World Economy, 6(4), 29. https://doi.org/10.5430/RWE.V6N4P29
Wang, L.-W., Chih-Hung, C., & Hsieh, C.-T. (2022). Enterprise Precision Marketing Strategy and Quality Management Mobile Information System Based on Customer Satisfaction. Mobile Information Systems, 2022, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2105383
Xu, M. (2024). The Application of Quality Management in Chip Production. https://doi.org/10.54097/y508mg28
Xu, S. (2024). The Importance of Consumer Insights for Precision Marketing in the Era of Big Data. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/69/20231440
Yeung, A. C. L., Lai, K., & Cheng, T. C. E. (2006). An empirical model for managing quality in the electronics industry. Quality Engineering, 51(2), 203–206.
Zheng, G., Kang, W.-H., & Liu, S. (2023). Analyzing Factors Affect the Comprehensive Evaluation of Smartphones. Highlights in Science Engineering and Technology, 72, 1007–1014. https://doi.org/10.54097/37q91357
Zusrony, E. (2021). The Impact of Product Quality to Smartphone Buying Decisions. SMART Management Journal, 1(2), 89–99. https://doi.org/10.53990/smart.v1i2.256
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Didit Darmawan, Jawahirul Maknuun
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish their manuscripts in this journal agree to the following conditions:
- The copyright on each article belongs to the author(s).
- The author acknowledges that the Dinasti International Journal of Management Science (DIJMS) has the right to be the first to publish with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
- Authors can submit articles separately, arrange for the non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal into other versions (e.g., sent to the author's institutional repository, publication into books, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time in the Dinasti International Journal of Management Science (DIJMS).
