From Awareness to Action: How Mindful Organizing Shapes Safety Compliance via Safety Culture

Authors

  • Wahyu Dwi Admaja Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
  • Arum Etikariena Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Fahizza Amru Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v6i6.5099

Keywords:

High-Risk Industries, Mediation, Mindful Organizing, Safety Compliance, Safety Culture

Abstract

PT X, a major mining company in Indonesia, operates within a sector marked by high accident rates, highlighting the need for effective safety practices. This study investigates the relationship between mindful organizing and safety compliance, with safety culture as a mediator, based on Bisbey’s safety framework. Using validated instruments adapted to Indonesian context, data were collected from 204 underground mining employees in Timika, Papua. Results from Hayes Process Model 4 indicate that mindful organizing positively influences safety compliance through a fully mediated effect of safety culture (?=.181; R²=.132; p<.001). The findings emphasize the importance of cultivating safety culture through mindful organizing to improve safety compliance and reduce workplace accidents in high-risk industries.

References

Ali, M., & Pal, I. (2022). Assessment of workers’ safety behavior in the extractive industries: The case of underground coal mining in Pakistan. Extractive Industries and Society, 10(January). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2022.101087

Bisbey, T. M., Kilcullen, M. P., Thomas, E. J., Ottosen, M. J., Tsao, K. J., & Salas, E. (2021). Safety Culture: An Integration of Existing Models and a Framework for Understanding Its Development. Human Factors, 63(1), 88–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720819868878

BP Accident Report. (2010). Deepwater Horizon Accident Investigation Report. Internal BP Report, 1–192. http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/globalbp/globalbp_uk_english/incident_response/STAGING/local_assets/downloads_pdfs/Deepwater_Horizon_Accident_Investigation_Report.pdf

Cantu, J., Tolk, J., Fritts, S., & Gharehyakheh, A. (2020). High Reliability Organization (HRO) systematic literature review: Discovery of culture as a foundational hallmark. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 28(4), 399–410. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12293

Curcuruto, M., & Griffin, M. A. (2023). Upward safety communication in the workplace: How team leaders stimulate employees’ voice through empowering and monitoring supervision. Safety Science, 157(July 2022), 105947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2022.105947

Curcuruto, M., Renecle, M., Gracia, F., Morgan, J. I., & Tomas, I. (2024). Improving workplace safety through mindful organizing: participative safety self-efficacy as a mediational link between collective mindfulness and employees’ safety citizenship. Journal of Risk Research, 27(1), 85–107. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2293043

Dodoo, J. E., Surienty, L., & Al-Samarraie, H. (2023). The influence of learning-oriented leadership for promoting future-directed workplace safety in the mining industry. Safety Science, 159(October 2022), 106010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2022.106010

Fruhen, L. S., Andrei, D. M., & Griffin, M. A. (2022). Leaders as motivators and meaning makers: How perceived leader behaviors and leader safety commitment attributions shape employees’ safety behaviors. Safety Science, 152(January 2021), 105775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2022.105775

Griffin, M. A., & Neal, A. (2000). Perceptions of safety at work: a framework for linking safety climate to safety performance, knowledge, and motivation. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(3), 347–358. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.5.3.347

Hammond, D. M., King, A. L., Joe, M., & Miller, J. R. (2023). Understanding the relationship between safety culture and safety performance indicators in U.S. nuclear waste cleanup operations. Safety Science, 166(June), 106241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106241

Him, N. F. N., Amirah, N. A., Ismail, W. N. A. T., & Abdullah, T. N. Z. T. (2023). Assessment of Safety Management Attitude Practices Toward the Safety Culture of the Construction Sector. Planning Malaysia, 21(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.21837/PM.V21I25.1220

International Labour Organization. (2021). Improving the Safety and Health of Young Workers (Meningkatkan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Pekerja Muda) (Issue April). http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/---ilo-jakarta/documents/presentation/wcms_627851.pdf

Ismail, S. N., Ramli, A., & Aziz, H. A. (2021). Influencing factors on safety culture in mining industry: A systematic literature review approach. Resources Policy, 74(January), 102250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2021.102250

Kilcullen, M. P., Bisbey, T. M., Ottosen, M. J., Tsao, K., Salas, E., & Thomas, E. J. (2022). The Safer Culture Framework: An Application to Healthcare Based on a Multi-Industry Review of Safety Culture Literature. Human Factors, 64(1), 207–227. https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208211060891

Martínez-Córcoles, M., & Vogus, T. J. (2020). Mindful organizing for safety. Safety Science, 124(January), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104614

Maulidin, M. A. (2025). Lima Ribu Lebih Kecelakaan Kerja Terjadi di Indonesia Selama 3 Bulan Pertama 2025 Penegakan hukum perlu dilakukan secara tegas dengan menggabungkan pendekatan persuasif dan sanksi tegas. Isafety Magazine. https://isafetymagazine.com/lima-ribu-lebih-kecelakaan-kerja-terjadi-di-indonesia-selama-3-bulan-pertama-2025/

Mazzetti, G., Valente, E., Guglielmi, D., & Vignoli, M. (2020). Safety Doesn’t Happen by Accident: A Longitudinal Investigation on the Antecedents of Safety Behavior. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(4332), 1–13.

Mezentseva, A., Gracia, F. J., Silla, I., & Martínez-Córcoles, M. (2023). The role of empowering leadership, safety culture and safety climate in the prediction of mindful organizing in an air traffic management company. Safety Science, 168(September). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106321

Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resource. (2024). Siaran Pers Kementrian ESDM?: K3 di Sektor Migas merupakan Komitmen Bersama untuk Menjamin Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Pekerja. https://www.esdm.go.id/id/media-center/arsip-berita/k3-di-sektor-migas-komitmen-bersama-untuk-menjamin-keselamatan-dan-kesehatan-pekerja

Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resource. (2025). Investigasi Kebakaran Smelter Freeport Tuntas, Ini Hasilnya. CNBC Indonesia. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20250217084607-4-611105/investigasi-kebakaran-smelter-freeport-tuntas-ini-hasilnya

Ministry of Manpower. (2024). Ketenagakerjaan dalam Data 2024.

Mirza, M. Z., Isha, A. S. N., Memon, M. A., Azeem, S., & Zahid, M. (2022). Psychosocial safety climate, safety compliance and safety participation: The mediating role of psychological distress. Journal of Management and Organization, 28(2), 363–378. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2019.35

Naji, G. M. A., Isha, A. S. N., Mohyaldinn, M. E., Leka, S., Saleem, M. S., Rahman, S. M. N. B. S. A., & Alzoraiki, M. (2021). Impact of safety culture on safety performance; mediating role of psychosocial hazard: An integrated modelling approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168568

National Comitee Of Transportation Safety. (2007). “Laporan Akhir KNKT Penyelidikan Kecelakaan Pesawat Boeing 737 Garuda Indonesia GA200 di Yogyakarta. Kementrian Perhubungan Indonesia. https://dephub.go.id/post/read/Laporan-Akhir-KNKT-Penyelidikan-Kecelakaan-Pesawat-Boeing-737-Garuda-Indonesia-GA200-di-Yogyakarta-tanggal-7-Maret-2007915

Rahim, H., Dapari, R., Che Dom, N., & Mohd Noor, M. I. (2024). Decoding stakeholder priorities of safety culture preferences in the oil and gas industry. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-71294-6

Renecle, M., Tomás, I., Gracia, F. J., & Peiró, J. M. (2020). Spanish validation of the mindful organizing scale: A questionnaire for the assessment of collective mindfulness. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 134(August 2019), 105351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2019.105351

Saleem, M. S., Isha, A. S. N., Yusop, Y. M., Awan, M. I., & Naji, G. M. A. (2021). Agility and safety performance among nurses: The mediating role of mindful organizing. Nursing Reports, 11(3), 666–679. https://doi.org/10.3390/NURSREP11030063

Sugiyono, P. D. (2019). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Kombinasi, R&d dan Penelitian Pendidikan). In Metode Penelitian Pendidikan.

Timothy J. Vogus, PhD,* and Kathleen M. Sutcliffe, P. (2007). 00005650-200701000-00007.Pdf. Medical Care, 45(1), 46–54. http://graphics.tx.ovid.com.ezproxy.library.unlv.edu/ovftpdfs/FPDDNCMCKEDPMF00/fs046/ovft/live/gv023/00005650/00005650-200701000-00007.pdf

Vogus, T. J., & Rerup, C. (2018). Sweating the “small stuff”: High-reliability organizing as a foundation for sustained superior performance. Strategic Organization, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127017739535

Wang, Z., Jiang, Z., & Blackman, A. (2024). Why and when do emotionally intelligent employees perform safely? The roles of thriving at work and career adaptability. Applied Psychology, 73(2), 723–747. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12497

Wu, T. C., Lin, C. H., & Shiau, S. Y. (2010). Predicting safety culture: The roles of employer, operations manager and safety professional. Journal of Safety Research, 41(5), 423–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2010.06.006

Wu, T., Wang, Y., Ruan, R., & Zheng, J. (2022). Divergent effects of transformational leadership on safety compliance: A dual-path moderated mediation model. PLoS ONE, 17(1 1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262394

Xue, Y., Fan, Y., & Xie, X. (2020). Relation between senior managers’ safety leadership and safety behavior in the Chinese petrochemical industry. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 65(August 2019), 104142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2020.104142

Yeboah, M. A., Kalvei, M., Ansong, L. O., & Ansong, A. (2024). Responsible leadership and workplace safety: do safety culture and safety motivation matter? Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-05-2023-0207

Downloads

Published

2025-09-01

How to Cite

Admaja, W. D., Etikariena, A. ., & Amru, M. F. (2025). From Awareness to Action: How Mindful Organizing Shapes Safety Compliance via Safety Culture. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science, 6(6), 5088–5097. https://doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v6i6.5099