Analysis of Income From Rice Farming Business in Tanjung Morawa District, Deli Serdang Regency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v6i5.5075Keywords:
Income, Farmers, Quantitative, IndonesiaAbstract
Lowland rice farming is the main source of income for farmers in rural Indonesia and plays a strategic role in national food security. However, structural challenges such as high production costs, fluctuations in grain prices, and limited access to modern agricultural technology still limit improvements in farmer welfare. This study aims to analyze the level of income and cost efficiency of lowland rice farming in Tanjung Morawa District, Deli Serdang Regency. Using a quantitative descriptive approach through a case study design, primary data were collected from 46 farmers selected purposively, supported by secondary data from related agencies. Analysis techniques include calculating fixed and variable costs, revenues, and net income, complemented by an analysis of the business efficiency ratio using the Revenue/Cost (R/C) indicator. The results of the study indicate that rice farming in this area provides significant economic benefits with adequate cost efficiency, although labor and production input components are dominant burdens. These findings emphasize the importance of optimizing the allocation of production inputs and utilizing efficient agricultural technology as a strategy to increase farmer income. The main contribution of this study is to provide a relevant empirical basis for regional agricultural policy making and encourage the adoption of a data-based approach in evaluating the economic feasibility of sustainable rice farming.
References
Amrullah, M. S., Takeshita, H., & Takahashi, K. (2024). The productivity and income effects of adopting improved rice varieties: Evidence from Indonesia. Agricultural Economics, 55(1), 45–58. http://doi.org/10.1108/jadee-11-2023-0282
Anggraeni, D., Kadarso, Y., & Sari, R. P. (2023). Farmer income increase in Indonesia using the Jajar Legowo system. Agricultural Science and Technology Journal, 4(1), 12–20. http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1165/1/012025
Aulia, S. S., Rimbodo, D. S., & Wibowo, M. G. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Nilai Tukar Petani (NTP) di Indonesia. JEBA (Journal of Economics and Business Aseanomics), 6(1), 44-59. http://doi.org/10.33476/J.E.B.A.V6I1.1925
Azis, M., Irmayani, N., & Ramli, U. (2022). Income analysis of farmers using rice transplanter in South Sulawesi. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1011(1), 012062.http://doi.org/10.55983/ijeset.v1i5.323
Budhi, M. K. S., & Yasa, I. N. P. (2019). Struktur pasar dan efisiensi pemasaran gabah petani di Kabupaten Karangasem. E-Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana, 8(2), 145–164. https://doi.org/10.24843/EEB.2019.v08.i02.p03
Djafar, A. A., Rauf, R. A., & Fitriani, A. (2023). Analisis pendapatan dan optimalisasi penggunaan faktor produksi usahatani padi sawah. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 28(2), 150–160.
Fattah, N., Arifin, B., & Setyanto, P. (2023). Efficiency, risk, and profitability of rainfed rice farming in Central Java, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1082(1), 012023.
Hamzah, A., Bidarti, A., & Sari, D. P. (2019). Comparisons of farmers’ income and capital creation base on subsidized and non-subsidized seeds in Indonesia. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 8(11), 2147–2151.
Harmini, H., Widjanarko, A., & Prabowo, S. (2022). Impact of non-farm income on technical efficiency of rice farming in Indonesia. Economics and Sociology, 15(4), 11–22. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2022/15-4/1
Ismail, M., Nainggolan, I., & Zulfahmi, R. (2024). Sustainable rice farming in Indonesia: Challenges and prospects. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi, 42(1), 23–35.
Khoiriyah, I., Isnaini, I., & Fitriani, S. (2023). Analyzing the cost of paddy rice labor in Indonesia: A case study in West Java. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1226(1), 012052.
Leovita, M. D., Syahrial, M. R., & Santosa, K. B. (2023). Pendapatan dan kelayakan padi sawah (Oryza sativa L.) di lahan irigasi teknis Desa Kwala Begumit Kabupaten Langkat. Jurnal Agribisnis dan Agribisnis Agroindustri, 9(2), 101–110.
Lubis, H., Putri, R. S., & Ananda, R. (2024). Analisis pendapatan rumah tangga petani padi dan kontribusinya terhadap kesejahteraan di Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis, 8(1), 34–45. https://doi.org/10.31289/agribisnis.v8i1.8902
Maridjo, H., & Ignasiak–Szulc, A. (2023). A welfare measurement model for Indonesian farmers: Adaptation of multidimensional indicators. Economics and Sociology, 16(1), 23–36. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2023/16-1/2
Ratnasari, Y., Tain, A., & Damat. (2025). Assessing the effectiveness of village funds in reducing rice agricultural production costs: A case study from Bicak Village, Mojokerto Regency, Indonesia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v8-i02-03
Rosyada, S., Mardiyati, S., & Nadir, N. (2022). Analisis risiko pada usahatani padi dengan sistem irigasi pompa di Desa Pattinoang. JIA (Jurnal Ilmiah Agribisnis): Jurnal Agribisnis dan Ilmu Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian. 7(3). http://dx.doi.org/10.37149/jia.v7i3.24963
Rosyada, S., Putra, R. E. H., & Nadir, N. (2022). Dynamics of competitiveness and efficiency of rice farming in Indonesia: A DEA approach. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis, 6(2), 233–243.
Salam, A., Fatah, L. A., & Farid, M. (2019). Analisis pendapatan usahatani padi dan strategi peningkatannya di lahan pasang surut. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 7(2), 134–145. https://doi.org/10.29244/jai.2019.7.2.134-145
Salam, M., Sari, A. N., Bakri, R., Arsyad, M., Saádah, Jamil, M. H., Tenriawaru, A., & Muslim, A. (2019). Determinant factors affecting farmers’ income of rice farming in Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 343(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/343/1/012115
Saliem, H. P., Hartoyo, S., & Andriani, L. (2024). Circular economy in Indonesian paddy farming: Utilization of rice straw for bioeconomy enhancement. Journal of Cleaner Agriculture, 3(1), 12–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcleag.2024.100045
Sri, J. (2019). Poverty level of farmers based on total income and feasibility of rice farming. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 4(2), 082–089. http://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2019.4.2.0094
Triyono, H., & Arifianikmah, D. (2024). Implementation of integrated rice-fish farming system (mina-padi) for household food security. Agrivita Journal of Agricultural Science, 46(1), 55–66. https://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v46i1.4128
Wardhani, V. K., Sutrisno, J., & Khomah, I. (2021). Analysis of the income and household welfare of organic and non-organic rice farmers in the Sambirejo Sub-Regency of Sragen Regency, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 724(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/724/1/012106
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Dian Dominika br Ginting, Retna Astuti Kuswardani, Endang Sari Simanullang, Muhammad Reza Aulia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish their manuscripts in this journal agree to the following conditions:
- The copyright on each article belongs to the author(s).
- The author acknowledges that the Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science (DIJEMSS) has the right to be the first to publish with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
- Authors can submit articles separately, arrange for the non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal into other versions (e.g., sent to the author's institutional repository, publication into books, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time in the Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science (DIJEMSS).
