The Effectiveness of Providing Restitution for Victims of Trafficking Crime in Batam City Based on Perma No. 1 Year 2022

Authors

  • Maria Magdalena Sulistiantini Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung, Indonesia
  • Niken Savitri Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v6i3.4145

Keywords:

Human Trafficking Crime, Restitution, Batam City, Victim Protection, Legal Effectiveness

Abstract

Trafficking in Persons (TPPO) is a complex transnational crime with significant impacts on victims, both economically and psychosocially. Batam City, as a major transit area in the TPPO network in Indonesia, faces major challenges in the implementation of restitution for victims in accordance with Perma No. 1 Year 2022. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of restitution provision in Batam City, identify the main obstacles in its implementation, and evaluate the role of law enforcement officers in ensuring victims' rights are fulfilled. Using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, this study collected data through in-depth interviews and surveys with victims, lawyers, and relevant stakeholders. The results show that although regulations on restitution have been established, its implementation still faces obstacles in legal, administrative, and social aspects. The low fulfillment of restitution is caused by the ineffectiveness of legal mechanisms, weak law enforcement against TPPO intellectual actors, and lack of public awareness of victims' rights. This study recommends policy reform, strengthening the capacity of legal apparatus, and increasing victims' access to restitution in order to create a more effective and equitable protection system for victims of TPPO.

References

Afifah, F., & Mahyani, A. (2022). Restitusi Terhadap Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang. JHP17 (Jurnal Hasil Penelitian), 6(2), 71–82. https://doi.org/10.30996/jhp17.v6i2.6235

Agusduka. (2022). Darurat Perdagangan Orang di Kota Batam Sebagai Segitiga Emas ASEAN. Zero Human Trafficking Network. https://www.zerohumantrafficking.org/berita/darurat-perdagangan-orang-di-kota-batam-sebagai-segitiga-emas-asean

Alfian Eka Saputra, Ririn Hersa Yulianda, Nur Sahadatul Alawiyah, Syarifah Nia Ramadani, Afrina Caroline, Gerry Satria Osananda, & Taufiqqurrachman. (2023). The Role of the Embun Pelangi Batam Foundation in Assistance to Victims of the Crime of Human Trafficking (TTPO). Formosa Journal of Applied Sciences, 2(11), 3223–3232. https://doi.org/10.55927/fjas.v2i11.6830

Amardhotillah, P. T., & Harefa, B. (2023). Pemberian Restitusi Sebagai Pelaksanaan Diversi Pada Perkara Pidana Anak. Jurnal Ius Constituendum, 8(1), 34–49. https://doi.org/10.26623/jic.v8i1.6238

Anisa Puspitasari, & Rasji, R. (2024). Analisis Pemberian Restitusi kepada Keluarga Korban Kekerasan Fisik yang Menyebabkan Kematian Sebagai Bentuk Keadilan Hukum. Ranah Research: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 6(4), 961–969. https://doi.org/10.38035/rrj.v6i4.941

Arui, S., Eddy, D., Karauwan, S., & Junaedy, A. (2024). Evaluasi Kinerja Lembaga Anti-Korupsi dalam Mengatasi Korupsi di Indonesia Evaluation of the Performance of Anti-Corruption Institutions in Tackling Corruption in Indonesia. DELICTUM: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Dan Hukum Pidana Islam, 3(1), 1–16.

Bello, P. O., & Olutola, A. A. (2022). Effective Response to Human Trafficking in South Africa: Law as a Toothless Bulldog. Sage Open, 12(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211069379

Benanzer, H. L., Anderson, V. R., & Hayes, B. E. (2023). County-level Correlates of Human Trafficking Arrest Levels in Ohio: Social Disorganization, Social Capital, and Physical Contexts. Crime & Delinquency, 69(12), 2614–2638. https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287221084292

Bui, U. A., Efendi, S., & Mandala, O. S. (2024). Studi Komparatif Pelaksanaan Hak Restitusi Bagi Korban Perdagangan Orang di Indonesia. Jurnal Fundamental Justice, 5(2), 127–136. https://doi.org/10.30812/fundamental.v5i2.3967

Bunga, M., Dg Maroa, M., Arief, A., & Djanggih, H. (2019). Urgensi Peran Serta Masyarakat Dalam Upaya Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Law Reform: Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum, 15(1), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v15i1.23356

Diaz, M., Huff-Corzine, L., & Corzine, J. (2022). Demanding Reduction: A County-level Analysis Examining Structural Determinants of Human Trafficking Arrests in Florida. Crime & Delinquency, 68(1), 28–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128720962710

Dinata, A. S., Hafiz, M., & Nurmadi. (2023). Trafficking in Persons as a Violation of Human Rights in Batam City. Indonesian Journal of Contemporary Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 121–130. https://doi.org/10.55927/modern.v2i2.3449

Faisal Fadilla Noorikhsan, Hilal Ramdhani, & Nisa Khoerunisa. (2022). Role of Local Governments in Preventing and Treating Victims of Human Trafficking. Jurnal Administrasi Publik Public Administration Journal, 12(2), 180–190. https://doi.org/10.31289/jap.v12i2.7836

Ghazinyan, S. (2023). The Linkage Between Human Trafficking and Migration: Identification of Victims. Bulletin of Yerevan University C: Jurisprudence, 14(2 (39)), 122–130. https://doi.org/10.46991/BYSU:C/2023.14.2.122

Indri Afnita Mars, & Joko Setiyono. (2023). Legal Protection of Human Rights Against Victims of Trafficking in Persons. Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani, 3(3), 496–503. https://doi.org/10.55927/mudima.v3i3.2464

Islam, F. D. N., Vergiawan, G., & Zaluchu, F. H. N. (2024). Upaya Penanggulangan Perdagangan Orang di Indonesia: Tinjauan terhadap Kebijakan dan Kinerja Pemerintah. JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(2), 1961–1971. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v7i2.3332

Junginger, A. A. J., Ismed, M., & Sartono, S. (2024). Kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap Perlindungan Hukum bagi Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang di Indonesia. ULIL ALBAB: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 3(12), 30–47. https://doi.org/10.56799/jim.v3i12.5655

Kahagi, S. R. E., Antow, D. T., & Tawas, F. (2020). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Saksi Dalam Proses Peradilan. E-Journal Unsrat, IX(3), 1–15.

Khan, Z., Kamaluddin, M. R., Meyappan, S., Manap, J., & Rajamanickam, R. (2022). Prevalence, Causes and Impacts of Human Trafficking in Asian Countries: A Scoping Review. F1000Research, 11, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.124460.1

Kriswiansyah, Z. D. (2023). Efektivitas Penerapan Restitusi Bagi Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang yang Berkeadilan Pancasila. Recidive: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Dan Penanggulangan Kejahatan, 12(1), 424–438. https://doi.org/10.20961/recidive.v12i1.69868

Mohammad, N., Islahuddin, I., Setiyani, R. Y., & Sulisworo, D. (2023). Human Trafficking Issue in ASEAN Countries: A Discussion to Overcome. Sang Pencerah: Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton, 9(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.35326/pencerah.v9i1.3098

Muhtarom, H., Pratama, C. A., & Erlangga, G. (2022). Akar Budaya Korupsi Indonesia: Historiografi, Penyebab, dan Pencegahannya. Historiography, 2(1), 13–20. https://doi.org/10.17977/um081v2i12022p13-20

Mursyidan, R. A., Dwiwarno, N., & Hananto, P. W. H. (2023). Upaya Pemerintah Dalam Menangani Kasus Perdagangan Orang di Area Perbatasan Negara (Studi Kasus di Sanggau). Diponegoro Law Journal, 12(1), 1–14.

Nasution, B. J., & Sunggono, B. (2016). Metode Penelitian Hukum. CV. Mandar Maju.

Nasution, E. S., Nasution, S. N., Yunhas Purba, M. H., & Ansari Nasution, A. H. (2022). Human Rights Studies on Fulfillment of Restitution Rights for Children as Victims of Human Trafficking. Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi Dan Kajian Hukum, 20(1), 38–47. https://doi.org/10.31941/pj.v20i1.1716

Novita Apriyani, M. (2021). Restitusi Sebagai Wujud Pemenuhan Hak Korban Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual di Indonesia. Risalah Hukum, 17(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.30872/risalah.v17i1.492

Rahman, A. A., & Sitorus, J. R. H. (2024). Vulnerable Worker di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Seminar Nasional Official Statistics, 2024(1), 221–230. https://doi.org/10.34123/semnasoffstat.v2024i1.2113

Ramadania, A. (2021). Penerapan Pemberian Restitusi oleh Pelaku Bisnis Perdagangan Orang Kepada Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang (TPPO) di Kota Batam. Journal of Law and Policy Transformation, 6(1), 20–31. https://doi.org/10.37253/jlpt.v6i1.4954

Respati Paramudhita, H. R. (2024). The Role of Restitution in Trafficking. Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, 5(2), 512–517. https://doi.org/10.59141/jist.v5i2.908

Riyadi, S. F., Chairin, R. O. P., Sholeh, C., & Efritadewi, A. (2024). Sosialisasi Pencegahan Human Trafficking atau Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang (TPPO) di Kecamatan Belakang Padang Kota Batam. Indonesian Community Service and Empowerment Journal (IComSE), 4(2), 447–455. https://doi.org/10.34010/icomse.v5i1.10732

Santoso, E. B. (2019). Arahan Peningkatan Investasi Daerah di Kota Batam Berdasarkan Faktor Ketenagakerjaan, Pelayanan Infrastruktur dan Lahan. Jurnal Teknik ITS, 8(2), 71–77. https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373539.v8i2.47939

Saodana, S., Muchtar, S., & Azisa, N. (2023). Efektivitas Hukum Pemenuhan Hak Restitusi Terhadap Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang di Kota Makassar. Alauddin Law Development Journal, 5(2), 424–435. https://doi.org/10.24252/aldev.v5i2.35622

Shaqila, F., Marlina, & Lubis, R. (2023). Hak Restitusi Terhadap Anak Korban Tindak Pidana dan Implementasinya dalam Putusan Hakim. Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues, 2(2), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.32734/nlr.v2i2.11520

Soekanto, S. (2008). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penegakan Hukum. PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.

Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif R&D. Alfabeta.

Sultan, A. (2023). Polda Kepri Ungkap 31 Kasus TPPO Dengan 52 Tersangka Dalam 48 Hari, Paling Banyak di Batam. Hukum Dan Kriminal - BATAM POS. https://metro.batampos.co.id/polda-kepri-ungkap-31-kasus-tppo-dengan-52-tersangka-dalam-48-hari-paling-banyak-di-batam/

Suryadi Pane, I., & Dame Panjaitan, J. (2023). Problematika Pencegahan dan Penanganan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang (Human Trafficking) Undang-Undang No. 21 Tahun 2007. COMSERVA: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 3(8), 2936–2945. https://doi.org/10.59141/comserva.v3i08.1093

U.S. Departemen of State. (2024). 2024 Trafficking in Persons Report: Indonesia. Rafficking in Persons Report. https://www.state.gov/reports/2024-trafficking-in-persons-report/indonesia/

Vitasari, S. D., Sukananda, S., & Wijaya, S. (2020). Pelaksanaan Pemberian Restitusi Terhadap Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang. DIVERSI: Jurnal Hukum, 6(1), 93–117. https://doi.org/10.32503/diversi.v6i1.998

Zulfikar, M., & Soebanto, H. (2022). LPSK: Jumlah Restitusi Korban TPPO Dikabulkan Hakim Kurang 12 Persen. ANTARA: Kantor Berita Indonesia. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/2652377/lpsk-jumlah-restitusi-korban-tppo-dikabulkan-hakim-kurang-12-persen

Downloads

Published

2025-03-08

How to Cite

Sulistiantini, M. M., & Savitri, N. . (2025). The Effectiveness of Providing Restitution for Victims of Trafficking Crime in Batam City Based on Perma No. 1 Year 2022. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management And Social Science, 6(3), 2506–2517. https://doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v6i3.4145