The Influence of Organizational Commitment, Transformational Leadership, and Compensation on Turnover Intention Using Job Satisfaction as a Mediator at One of State-Owned Banks in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/dijefa.v6i6.5732Keywords:
Turnover Intention, Organizational Commitment, Transformational Leadership, Compensation, Job SatisfactionAbstract
This study examines the impact of organizational commitment, transformational leadership, and compensation on turnover intention, with job satisfaction as a mediator. Conducted among employees of a state-owned bank in Indonesia, the research utilized Smart PLS and structural equation modeling for data analysis. The results indicate that organizational commitment, transformational leadership, and compensation all have significant negative direct effects on turnover intention. Furthermore, job satisfaction is found to be a strong mediator, enhancing the impact of each variable on reducing turnover intention. The study emphasizes practical strategies for reducing turnover and enhancing retention, recommending competitive compensation packages and leadership development focused on transformational qualities. These measures can foster employee engagement and lower turnover rates, improving organizational performance. This research contributes to understanding these dynamics in the Indonesian banking sector, addressing a gap in literature compared to Western studies. It underscores the importance of retaining skilled employees in Indonesia's competitive economic landscape, offering actionable insights for bank management to enhance employee engagement and organizational effectiveness.
References
Agustin, D. I. (2018).Pengaruh Kompensasi Finansial Langsung Terhadap Turnover Intention Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening (Pada Ratu Swalayan Dampit Kabupaten Malang. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 8(02), 75–83.
Alatawi, M. (2017). Can transformational managers control turnover intention? SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 15.
Alghizzawi, M., Habes, M., Al Assuli, A., Ezmigna, A.A.R.: Digital marketing and sustainable businesses: as mobile apps in tourism. In: Artificial Intelligence and Transforming Digital Marketing, pp. 3–13. Springer (2023)
Alhawary, S., & Alajmi, H. (2017). Organizational commitment of the employees of the ports security affairs of the State of Kuwait: The impact of human resources management practices. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 6(1), 10–20. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJAREMS/v6-i1/2570
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1-18.
Al-Daibat, B. (2017). Impact of leadership styles in organizational commitment. International Journal of Business and Management Review, 5, 25-37.
Aman-Ullah, A., Aziz, A., Ibrahim, H., Mehmood, W., & Aman-Ullah, A. (2023). The role of compensation in shaping employee’s behaviour: a mediation study through job satisfaction during the Covid-19 pandemic. Revista de Gestão, 30(2), 221-236.
Armstrong, M. (2006). A handbook of human resource management practice (10th ed.). Kogan Page Publishing.
Aydogdu, S., & Asikgil, B. (2011). An empirical study of the relationship among job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention. International Review of Management and Marketing, 1(3), 43-53.
Azeez, A. A., Adebayo, A. A., & Ojo, A. (2016). Job satisfaction and employee performance: A study of selected banks in Nigeria. International Journal of Economics and Business Research, 12(4), 345-360.
Bagis, F. (2018). Does job satisfaction mediate the effect of procedural justice and distributive justice on organizational commitment?: Case study of education institution. Proceedings of the 2018 4th International Conference on Management, Economics and Social Sciences, 10–14. https://doi.org/10.2991/amca-18.2018.93
Berson, Y., & Linton, J. D. (2005). An examination of the relationships between leadership style, quality, and employee satisfaction in R&D versus administrative environments. R&D Management, 35(1), 51-60. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9310.2005.00371.
Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and Power in Social Life. Wiley.
Cekmecelioglu, H., Gunsel, A., & Ulutas, T. (2012). Effects of emotional intelligence on job satisfaction: An empirical study on call center employees. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 363–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.1012
Chang, Y., Chang, C. Y., dan Chen, C. W. (2017). Transformational Leadership and Corporate Entrepreneurship: Cross-Level Mediation Moderation Evidence. Leadership dan Organization Development Journal, 38, pp. 812-833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-10-2015-0219.
Darma, P. S., & Supriyanto, A. S. (2017). The effect of compensation on satisfaction and employee performance. Management and Economic Journal, 1(1), 69–77. https://ssrn. com/abstract=3141006
Dupre, K. E., & Day, A. L. (2007). The effects of supportive management and job quality on the turnover intentions and health of military personnel. Human Resource Management, 46(2), 185-201. doi:10.1002/hrm.20156
George, J. M., & Jones, G. R. (2008). Understanding and managing organizational behavior (5th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
Han, G. H., & Jekel, M. (2011). The mediating role of job satisfaction between leader-member exchange and turnover intentions. Journal of Nursing Management, 19(1), 41-49.
Harahap, S., & Tirtayasa, S. (2020). Pengaruh motivasi, disiplin, dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero) kantor cabang Kualanamu. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 3(1), 120-135. https://doi.org/10.30596/maneggio.v3i1.4866
Hassan, Z. (2022). Employee retention through effective human resource management practices in Maldives: Mediation effects of compensation and rewards system. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 18(2), 137–173. https://doi.org/10.7341/20221825
Hair, J., Hult, G., Ringle, C., dan Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Thousand Oaks, US: SAGE.
Holt, D. H. (1993). Management: Concept and practices. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Hom, P. W., Mitchell, T. R., Lee, T. W. (2012). Reviewing employee turnover: focusing on proximal withdrawal states and an expanded criterion. Psychological Bulletin, 138(5), pp. 831-858.
Kadek,N.,Pebriyanti,S.,Dunia, I. K., & Suwena, K. R. (2012). Pengaruh Kompensasi Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan PT. Columbus Megah Sarana Cabang Denpasar Tahun 2012. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Undiksha, 3(1).
Kakar, P., Raziq, A., & Khan, F. (2019). Impact of human resource management practices on employee retention: The moderating role of employee job satisfaction. Management Science Letters, 9(1), 1-16.
Katou, A.A., Koupkas, M., dan Triantafilidou, E. (2021). Job Demands-Resources Model, Transformational Leadership and Organizational Performance: A Multilevel Study. InternationaL Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 71(7), pp. 2704-2722. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-06-2020-0342
Lum, L., Kervin, J., Clark, K., Reid, F., dan Sirola, W. (2016). Explaining nursing turnover intent: job satisfaction, pay satisfaction, or organizational commitment?. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19(3), pp. 305-320.
Lyons, P., & Bandura, R. (2019). Employee turnover: Features and perspectives. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 34(1), 1–4.
Mahadewi, M. C., & Rahyuda, A. G. (2020). Peran Kepuasan Kerja Dalam Memediasi Pengaruh. Buletin Studi Ekonomi, 25(2),207–234.
Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: A meta-analysis of antecedents, correlates, and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(1), 20-52.
Morales, A. M., Moya, M., & Rojas, C. (2012). The impact of leadership on organizational performance: A study of the Spanish banking sector. Journal of Business Research, 65(5), 678-684.
Nemanich, L. A., & Keller, R. T. (2007). Transformational leadership in an acquisition: A field study of employees. The Leadership Quarterly, 18(1), 49-68. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.11.003
Nketsiah, T. A., & Nkansah, E. A. (2024). Organisational trust, commitment and turnover intention in employees of domestic and foreign banks in Ghana. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), Article 2362397. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2362397
Oh, S., & Kim, H. (2019). Turnover intention and its related factors of employed doctors in Korea. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(14), 1–8.
Pravichai, S., & Ariyabuddhiphongs, V. (2018). Transformational leadership and turnover intention: the mediating effects of right speech (Samma Vaca) and trust in the leader. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 15(3), 253-272. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2017.1417892
Purcell, J. and Hutchinson, S. (2007), “Front-line managers as agents in the HRM-performance causal chain: theory, analysis and evidence”, Human Resource Management Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1, pp. 3–20.
Rafferty, A.E. and Griffin, M.A. (2006), “Refining individualized consideration: distinguishing developmental leadership and supportive leadership”, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 79 No. 1, pp. 37–61.
Ramlah, S., Sudiro, A., & Juwita, H. A. J. (2021). The influence of compensation and job stress on turnover intention through mediation of job satisfaction. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), 10(4), 117-127.
Rathi, N., & Lee, K. (2016). Does perceived external prestige influence organizational identification? The case of Indian call centres. Journal of World Business, 51(1), 568-579.
Robbins, S. P., & Coulter, M. (2012). Management: Pearson.
Robbins, SP, Judge, TA, & Millett, B. (2015). OB: the essentials. Pearson Higher Education AU.
Robbins SP, Judge TA. (2017). Perilaku Organisasi. Ed ke-16. Jakarta (ID): Salemba Empat.
Rivai, V. (2012). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia untuk Perusahaan. Jakarta, ID: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Silaban, N., & Syah, T. Y. R. (2018). The influence of compensation and organizational commitment on employees’ turnover intention. Journal of Business and Management, 20(3), 1–6.
Sorn, M. K., Fienena, A. R. L., Ali, Y., Rafay, M., & Fu, G. H. (2023). The effectiveness of compensation in maintaining employee retention. Open Access Library Journal, 10, e10394. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1110394
Sultana, S., dan Jabeen, S. (2018). Bridging The Relation of Transformational and Turnover Intentions with Mediating Effect of Employee Engagement. In Traders International Trade Academic Journal, 1(1), pp. 1-22. https://dergipark.org.tr/download/article-file/603312
Wang, H., & Hsieh, H. (2022). The influence of organizational commitment on turnover intention: The mediating role of job satisfaction. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 33(3), 599-617. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2020.1863508
Walumbwa, F. O., Lawler, J. J., Avolio, B. J., Wang, P., & Shi, K. (2005). Transformational leadership and work-related attitudes: the moderating effects of collective and self-efficacy across cultures. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 11, 2+.
Wibowo. (2016). Manajemen kinerja (5th ed.). Rajawali Pers.
Worthy, K., Dawson, R. M., & Tavakoli, A. S. (2020). Relationships Among Nursing Deans' Leadership Styles and Faculty Job Satisfaction Levels. The Journal of nursing education, 59(2), 68–75. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20200122-03
Zhao, X., Qu, H., & Ghiselli, R. F. (2019). Examining the relationship of work–family conflict to job and life satisfaction: A comparison of hotel workgroups. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(4), 520-528.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Sekar Wulan Prasetyaningtyas, Isminanda Alkautsar, Riomudita, Steven

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish their manuscripts in this journal agree to the following conditions:
- The copyright on each article belongs to the author(s).
- The author acknowledges that the Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting (DIJEFA) has the right to be the first to publish with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
- Authors can submit articles separately, arrange for the non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal into other versions (e.g., sent to the author's institutional repository, publication into books, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time in the Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting (DIJEFA).










































