Work-Life Balance and Time Management on Academic Achievement of Part-Time Students in Yogyakarta: Testing Social Support as a Moderator

Authors

  • Luis Americo Soares STIE YKPN School of Business Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
  • Zulfa Putri Az- Zahra STIE YKPN School of Business Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
  • Miswanto STIE YKPN School of Business Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
  • Frasto Biyanto STIE YKPN School of Business Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
  • Baldric Siregar STIE YKPN School of Business Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
  • Antonio Ximenes Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosa’e, Dili, Timor-Leste.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38035/dijdbm.v6i4.5001

Keywords:

work-life balance, time management, academic achievement, social support, part-time students

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the impact of work-life balance and time management on the academic achievement of part-time university students in Yogyakarta, with social support as a moderating variable. The research addresses the growing challenge faced by students managing both academic and professional responsibilities. A quantitative approach was applied using a survey of 155 purposively selected part-time students. Validated instruments measured work-life balance, time management, academic achievement, and social support. Moderated regression analysis (MRA) in SPSS revealed that the final model accounted for 98.4% of the variance in academic achievement (R2 = 0.984). Both work-life balance (? = -0.292, p < 0.001) and time management (? = -0.344, p < 0.001) had significant negative effects. However, social support positively moderated both relationships, reducing their negative impact (interaction effects: ? = 0.926 and ? = 0.880, respectively). The finding emphasizes the importance of institutional support and training to help students manage dual roles effectively.

References

Arianti, A. M., Soekemi, W., & Dewi, R. S. (2022). The effect of work life balance and compensation on employee performance through employee engagement as intervening variable (Study on married women employees that have children in the production section of PT Sukuntex Spinning). Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 10(04), 705–718. https://doi.org/10.4236/jhrss.2022.104041

Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of self-regulation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 248–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90022-L

Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (2009). Developing the theory of formative assessment. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 21(1), 5–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11092-008-9068-5

Britton, B. K., & Tesser, A. (1991). Effects of time-management practices on college grades. Journal of Educational Psychology, 83(3), 405–410. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.83.3.405

Brough, P., Timms, C., O’Driscoll, M., Kalliath, T., Siu, O.-L., Sit, C., & Lo, D. (2014). Measuring work-life balance: Validation of a new measure across five Anglo and Asian samples. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(19), 2724–2744. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2014.899262

Butler, A. B. (2007). Job characteristics and college performance and attitudes: A model of work-school conflict and facilitation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(2), 500–510. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.500

Chen, C., Zhu, Y., Xiao, F., & Que, M. (2023). Academic motivation and social support: Mediating and moderating the life satisfaction and learning burnout link. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 4583–4598. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S438396

Claessens, B. J. C., Eerde, W. Van, Rutte, C. G., & Roe, R. A. (2007). A review of the time management literature. Personnel Review, 36(2), 255–276. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480710726136

Credé, M., & Niehorster, S. (2012). Adjustment to college as measured by the student adaptation to college questionnaire: A quantitative review of its structure and relationships with correlates and consequences. Educational Psychology Review, 24(1), 133–165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-011-9184-5

Dalia, A. C., & Putra, F. R. (2023). Having effective time management give influence students’ academic achievement. Journal of Educational Learning and Innovation (ELIa), 3(2), 403–413. https://doi.org/10.46229/elia.v3i2.739

Dewi, B. N. I., Nuryani, R., & Lindasari, S. W. (2024). Hubungan dukungan sosial dengan burnout akademik pada siswa sekolah menengah atas. Jurnal Keperawatan Florence Nightingale, 7(1), 272–278. https://doi.org/10.52774/jkfn.v7i1.191

Fitriana, F., Dewi, R., Nabilah, W., & Phonna, S. M. (2021). Impact of time management on students’ academic achievement who balance study and work-life. Proceedings of AICS - Social Sciences, 11(0), 295–301. https://jurnal.usk.ac.id/AICS-Social/article/view/24362

Greenhaus, J. H., Collins, K. M., & Shaw, J. D. (2003). The relation between work-family balance and quality of life. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63(3), 510–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8791(02)00042-8

Hj. Yunus, N., & Ahmad Fuad, S. M. (2017). The influence of work life balance towards job performance in private higher education institution (Phei). Advances in Business Research International Journal, 3(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.24191/abrij.v3i1.10034

House, J. (1988). Structures and processes of social support. Annual Review of Sociology, 14(1), 293–318. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.14.1.293

Jafari, H., Aghaei, A., & Khatony, A. (2019). Relationship between study habits and academic achievement in students of medical sciences in kermanshah-iran. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 10, 637–643. https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S208874

Jogpaper. (2022). Di Yogyakarta, masih ada 22.500 mahasiswa putus kuliah. Jogpaper. https://www.jogpaper.net/di-yogyakarta-masih-ada-22-500-mahasiswa-putus-kuliah/

Kumar, S., Thomas, K. P., & Thind, N. S. (2020). Contextualized Validation Of Social Support Scale. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 7(7), 3257–3266.

Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., & Larkin, K. C. (1986). Self-Efficacy in the prediction of academic performance and perceived career options. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 33(3), 265–269. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.33.3.265

LLDIKTI Wilayah V. (2024). Profil Lembaga Layanan Pendidikan Tinggi Wilayah V (LLDIKTI 5).

M.Krisna Bagus Virgiana, Angky Melani, & Dewi Khurun Aini. (2024). Tantangan manajemen waktu pada mahasiswa paruh waktu dalam memenuhi prestasi akademik. Observasi?: Jurnal Publikasi Ilmu Psikologi, 2(3), 78–90. https://doi.org/10.61132/observasi.v2i3.466

Macan, T. H. (1994). Time management: Test of a process model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(3), 381–391. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.79.3.381

Mackiewicz, J. (2018). A Mixed-Method approach. In Writing Center Talk over Time. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429469237-3

Maria, F., & Afandi, D. (2021). Analisis pencapaian prestasi akademik melalui perilaku manajemen waktu. EKOMABIS: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Bisnis, 2(01), 71–78. https://doi.org/10.37366/ekomabis.v2i01.125

Pintrich, P. R. R., Smith, D., Garcia, T., & McKeachie, W. (1991). A manual for the use of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Ann Arbor. Michigan, 48109(August 2016), 1259. https://doi.org/ED338122

Puspita, A. W. (2023). Manajemen waktu berpengaruh terhadap prestasi akademik mahasiswa yang bekerja paruh waktu. Arimah Auhid, 2(4), 1049–1057.

Putri, A. A., & Dewi, R. M. (2022). Pengaruh manajemen waktu dan efikasi diri pada hasil belajar ekonomi kelas X Sman 1 Sidoarjo. OIKOS Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Ekonomi Dan Ilmu Ekonomi, VI(Vol 6 No 2), 214–225. https://doi.org/10.23969/oikos.v6i2.5635

Ramachandaran, S. D., Nuraini, R., & Doraisingam, P. (2024). Understanding Work-life balance challenges among academic professionals in higher education: A phenomenological study. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 23(12), 130–147. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.23.12.8

Razali, S. N. A. M., Rusiman, M. S., Gan, W. S., & Arbin, N. (2018). The impact of time management on students’ academic achievement. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 995(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/995/1/012042

Tanjung, N. A., Islam, U., Sumatera, N., & Estate, M. (2024). Jurnal Psikologi dan Bimbingan Konseling. 3(2), 1–10.

Triwijayanti, I. D. A. K., & Astiti, D. P. (2019). Peran dukungan sosial keluarga dan efikasi diri terhadap tingkat work-life balance pada mahasiswa yang bekerja di denpasar. Jurnal Psikologi Udayana, 6(02), 320. https://doi.org/10.24843/jpu.2019.v06.i02.p11

Winata, B. L., & Nurhasanah, N. (2022). Pengaruh work life balance, self-efficacy, dan komitmen organisasional terhadap burnout pada mahasiswa yang bekerja . Feedforward: Journal of Human Resource, 2(2), 87-96. https://doi.org/10.19166/ff.v2i2.5986

Zimmerman, B. J. (2000). Attaining self-regulation: A social cognitive perspective. In M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M. Zeidner (Eds.), handbook of self-Regulation. Cambridge, MA?: Academic Press, 13–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012109890-2/50031-7

Published

2025-07-16